Virtual and Augmented Reality in Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review

虚拟现实和增强现实在脊柱手术中的系统评价

This systematic review summarizes the use of AR/VR technology in surgical education, preoperative planning, and intra-operative guidance. AR/VR also had applications in tumor resection, vertebroplasty, bone biopsy, and rod-bending. Four studies reported significantly reduced radiation exposure in AR group compared to fluoroscopy group. AR/VR technologies have the potential to usher in a paradigm shift in spine surgery.

本文系统综述了AR/VR技术在外科教育、术前计划和术中指导中的应用。AR/VR还应用于肿瘤切除、椎体成形术、骨活检和弯棒。有四项研究报告称，与透视组相比，AR组的辐射暴露显著减少。AR/VR技术有可能带来脊柱外科的范式转变。

REF: McCloskey K, Turlip R, Ahmad HS, et al. Virtual and Augmented Reality in Spine Surgery: A Systematic Review [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 20]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00219-X. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.068 PMID: 36812986

Chamberlain's Line Violation in Basilar Invagination Patients Compared with Normal Subjects: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

颅底凹陷症患者与正常人张伯伦线破坏的系统文献回顾及Meta分析

To compare the measured odontoid tip violation above Chamberlain's line described in literature to diagnose basilar invagination (BI) and also to establish the normal placement of the dens tip defining the individual without BI (normal subjects).In the metanalysis, Different values were found in the assessed studies used for CLV in BI diagnosis. This variability is especially important for type B BI, since type A BI has other craniocervical diagnostic parameters. Considering the results obtained in this metanalysis, any dens violation above 1.18 mm should be diagnosed as BI.

为了比较文献中所描述的张伯伦线以上测量的齿状突顶端侵犯，以诊断基底动脉内陷(BI)，并建立定义无BI个体(正常受试者)的齿状突尖的正常位置。在荟萃分析中，用于BI诊断的CLV的评估研究中发现不同的值。这种变异性对于B型BI尤其重要，因为A型BI还有其他的颅颈诊断参数。考虑到这一荟萃分析的结果，任何超过1.18 mm的齿状突触应被诊断为BI。

REF: Joaquim AF, Evangelista Santos Barcelos AC, Daniel JW, et al. Chamberlain´s line violation in Basilar Invagination patients compared to normal subjects - A systematic literature review and metanalysis [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 21]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00205-X. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.057 PMID: 36822399

Head-Cervical Spine Motion Measurement in Healthy Population: Comparison of CROM Apparatus and “G-Plus” APP on iPhone

健康人群头颈椎运动测量：CROM与iPhone上“G-Plus”APP的比较

The objectives of this study were to obtain the normal values of HCSM in a healthy population, test the reliability and validity of an APP “G-Plus,” and analyze related influencing factors of HCSM. “G-Plus” is a reliable and convenient tool for HCSM measurement in clinical practice. The presentation of datasets of HCSM in healthy population provides a basic reference for cervical function assessment. Age, gender, BMI, and neck configuration are significantly correlated to HCSM.

本研究的目的是获得健康人群的人格化倾向量表的正常值，检验APP“G-Plus”的信度和效度，并分析其相关影响因素。“G-Plus”是一种临床上可靠、方便的HCSM测量工具。健康人群的HCSM数据集的呈现为颈椎功能的评估提供了基本的参考。年龄、性别、BMI和颈部形态与HCSM显著相关。

REF: Du LB, Wang Y, Wu J, et al. Head-cervical spine motion measurement in healthy population: comparison of CROMTM apparatus and "G-Plus" APP on iPhone [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 21]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00225-5. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.076 PMID: 36822403

Analysis of Neurosurgery Influencers on Instagram: Trends and Patterns of the Neurosurgeon's Social Media Footprint

Instagram上神经外科影响因素的分析：神经外科医生社交媒体足迹的趋势和模式

In this study, we identify the top neurosurgery influencers on Instagram and analyze trends between content type, audience interaction, and user engagement. Neurosurgeon influencers on Instagram post content that predominantly features educational and academic subject matter. Post content regarding the individual's personal life or extracurricular activities made up a lesser portion of content, and there were few posts categorized as patient testimonials.

在这项研究中，我们确定了Instagram上最具影响力的神经外科患者，并分析了内容类型、观众互动和用户参与度之间的趋势。在Instagram上影响神经外科医生的人发布的内容主要是教育和学术主题。关于个人个人生活或课外活动的帖子内容在内容中所占比例较小，几乎没有被归类为患者证明的帖子。

REF: Pando A, Talbot CE, Valdivia DJ, et al. Analysis of Neurosurgery Influencers on Instagram: Trends and Patterns of The Neurosurgeon's Social Media Footprint [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 21]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00217-6. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.070 PMID: 36822401

The Impact of Tort Reforms on the Neurosurgical Malpractice Environment: A Systematic Review of Literature

侵权行为改革对神经外科医疗事故环境的影响：文献综述

Neurosurgeons, especially spine surgeons, have the highest risk of facing a malpractice claim. This systematic review aimed to clarify the impact of tort reforms on neurosurgical healthcare environments across the US, including patient outcomes, practice of defensive medicine, and physician supply aims. There was a suggestive association between tort reforms and less practice of defensive medicine among neurosurgeons, improvement in postoperative outcomes in spinal fusion patients, and increase in physician supply.

神经外科医生，特别是脊柱外科医生，面临医疗事故索赔的风险最高。这项系统的审查旨在澄清侵权改革对全美神经外科医疗环境的影响，包括患者结局、防御性医学实践和医生供应目标。侵权法改革与神经外科医生中防御性医学实践的减少、脊柱融合患者术后结果的改善以及医生供应的增加之间存在着暗示的关联。

REF: Lebouille-Veldman AB, Singh T, Patel Y, et al. The impact of tort reforms on the neurosurgical malpractice environment: a systematic review of literature [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 21]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00221-8. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.072 PMID: 36822400

Spinal Deformity Complexity Checklist for Minimally Invasive Surgery: Expert Consensus from the Minimally Invasive International Spine Study Group

微创手术脊柱畸形复杂性检查表：来自微创国际脊柱研究小组的专家共识

The authors developed a spinal deformity complexity checklist (SDCC) to assess the difficulty in performing a circumferential minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for adult spinal deformity (ASD). The SDCC is a comprehensive list of pertinent radiographic and patient-related characteristics affecting complexity level for MIS deformity surgery. The value of the SDCC is that it allows rapid assessment of key factors when determining whether MIS surgery can be performed effectively and safely.

作者开发了脊柱畸形复杂性检查表(SDCC)，以评估对成人脊柱畸形(ASD)进行环周微创手术(MIS)的难度。SDCC是一份关于影响管理信息系统畸形手术复杂程度的相关放射学特征和与患者相关的特征的综合清单。SDCC的价值在于，它可以在确定是否可以有效和安全地进行MIS手术时，对关键因素进行快速评估。

REF: Anand N, Mummaneni PV, Uribe JS, et al. Spinal Deformity Complexity Checklist (SDCC) for Minimally Invasive Surgery: Expert Consensus from the Minimally Invasive International Spine Study Group [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 23]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00235-8. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.082 PMID: 36841536

Retrosigmoid versus Retrolabyrinthine Posterior Petrosal Route to the Petroclival Area: Quantitative Assessment of Endoscope-Assisted Approaches and Correlations with Morphometric Features

乙状窦后与迷路后岩骨后入路至岩斜区：内窥镜辅助入路的定量评估及其与形态特征的相关性

Using a cadaveric model, The authors compared endoscope-assisted retrosigmoid (EAR) and endoscope-assisted retrolabyrinthine posterior petrosal (EARPP) approaches towards the petroclival area, regarding surgical exposure and instrument maneuverability, also verifying how some petroclival morphometric parameters correlate with these variables. The petroclival angle and clival depth may interfere with maneuverability, but not with surgical exposure in both endoscope-assisted approaches.

使用身体模型，作者比较了内窥镜辅助乙状窦后入路(EAR)和内窥镜辅助迷路后岩骨后入路(EARPP)在手术暴露和器械可操作性方面对岩斜区的影响，并验证了一些岩斜区形态测量参数与这些变量的相关性。在两种内窥镜辅助入路中，岩斜角和斜面深度可能会影响可操作性，但不会影响手术暴露。

REF: Martins Coelho VP Jr, Saquy Rassi M, Colli BO. Retrosigmoid versus retrolabyrinthine posterior petrosal route to the petroclival area: quantitative assessment of endoscope-assisted approaches and correlations with morphometric features [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 23]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00233-4. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.081 PMID: 36841534

Microbiological Profile and the Resistance Pattern of Pathogens in Neurosurgical Patients from a New Delhi Trauma Center

新德里创伤中心神经外科患者病原菌的微生物学及耐药谱

Neurosurgical patients are considered to be at higher risk for infections including nosocomial infections compared with other critically ill individuals. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is of utmost importance for the survival of infected neurosurgical patients. This study will add to the current knowledge and provide a better understanding of pathogen profile and resistance patterns in traumatic brain injury patients.

神经外科患者与其他危重患者相比，被认为感染风险更高，包括医院感染。经验性抗菌治疗对神经外科感染患者的生存至关重要。这项研究将增加现有的知识，并更好地了解创伤性脑损伤患者的病原菌分布和耐药模式。

REF: Varma S, Sharad N, Kiro V, et al. MICROBIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND THE RESISTANCE PATTERN OF PATHOGENS IN NEUROSURGICAL PATIENTS FROM A TRAUMA CENTRE, NEW DELHI [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 22]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00224-3. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.075 PMID: 36828276

Sex-Specific Pain Outcomes Following Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia

三叉神经痛微血管减压术后性别差异的疼痛结局

Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is more prevalent among women. However, while microvascular decompression (MVD) is the most effective long-term surgical treatment for TN, it is unclear whether it is equally efficacious for men and women. The results indicate a sex-specific dimorphism in response to MVD among TN patients.

三叉神经痛(TN)在女性中更为常见。然而，虽然微血管减压术(MVD)是治疗TN的最有效的长期外科治疗方法，但尚不清楚它对男性和女性是否同样有效。结果表明，在TN患者中，对MVD的反应存在性别特异性二型性。

REF: Kilgore CB, So RJ, Storm K, et al. Sex-specific pain outcomes following microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia [published online ahead of print, 2023 Feb 22]. World Neurosurg. 2023;S1878-8750(23)00223-1. doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2023.02.074 PMID: 36828277