Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis show accelerated whole brain volume and thalamic volume loss early in disease

复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者在疾病早期表现出加速的全脑体积和丘脑体积损失

The aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of annual whole brain volume loss (BVL/year) and annual thalamic volume loss (ThalaVL/year) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (PwRRMS) during the course of the disease. Our results indicate that in PwRRMS, the MS-related components of BVL/year and ThalaVL/year are accelerated in early phases and slowdown in later phases of the disease. This might explain why early intervention often leads to improved outcomes in patients with MS.

这项研究的目的是调查疾病过程中复发缓解型多发性硬化症 (PwRRMS) 患者的年度全脑体积损失 (BVL/年) 和年度丘脑体积损失 (ThalaVL/年) 的动态。我们的结果表明，在PwRRMS中，BVL/年和ThalaVL/年的MS相关成分在疾病的早期phases中加速，而在疾病的后期phases中减慢。这也许可以解释为什么早期干预通常会改善MS患者的预后。

REF: Opfer R, Schwab M, Bangoura S, et al. Patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis show accelerated whole brain volume and thalamic volume loss early in disease. Neuroradiology. Published online November 28, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03516-7 PMID: 39607558

Vessel deviation during stent retrieval predicts successful recanalization in stent-based mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion

支架取出期间的血管偏差可预测基于支架的M2闭塞机械取栓的成功再通

This study aimed to clarify whether there is a relationship between vessel deviation during stent retrieval and successful recanalization in stent-based mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for M2 occlusion. This study aimed to clarify whether there is a relationship between vessel deviation during stent retrieval and successful recanalization in stent-based mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for M2 occlusion.

这项研究旨在阐明在支架取出期间血管偏离与基于支架的机械取栓 (MT) 治疗M2闭塞的成功再通之间是否存在关系。这项研究旨在阐明在支架取出期间血管偏离与基于支架的机械取栓 (MT) 治疗M2闭塞的成功再通之间是否存在关系。

REF: Ebiko Y, Yamaoka H, Okada T, Mizoue T, Wakabayashi S. Vessel deviation during stent retrieval predicts successful recanalization in stent-based mechanical thrombectomy for M2 occlusion. Neuroradiology. Published online November 27, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03504-x PMID: 39601859

Association between hemoglobin levels and cerebral white matter volume in a general older Japanese population: the Iki-Iki study

日本普通老年人血红蛋白水平与脑白质体积之间的关系: iki-iki研究

Although previous studies have reported that hemoglobin levels can affect the brain, very few have focused on the association between hemoglobin levels and brain volume. We aimed to identify the influence of hemoglobin levels on brain volume measured using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a large elderly population. Low hemoglobin levels may have deleterious effects on white matter volume, which diminishes with age.

尽管以前的研究已经报道了血红蛋白水平可以影响大脑，但很少有人关注血红蛋白水平与大脑体积之间的关联。我们旨在确定血红蛋白水平对使用磁共振成像 (MRI) 在大量老年人群中测量的脑容量的影响。低血红蛋白水平可能对白质体积产生有害影响，随着年龄的增长而减少。

REF: Yamamoto H, Watanabe K, Momma S, et al. Association between hemoglobin levels and cerebral white matter volume in a general older Japanese population: the Iki-Iki study. Neuroradiology. Published online November 26, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03512-x PMID: 39589447

MRI differentiation of CNS fungal infections: correlating imaging features with microbiological and histopathological findings

CNS真菌感染的MRI鉴别: 将影像学特征与微生物学和组织病理学发现相关联

The study aims to evaluate the magnetic resonance (MR) features of central nervous system (CNS) fungal infections and determine the associations between these findings and the type of fungus. Our main objective was to assess whether imaging can serve as a predictor for identifying the specific group of fungi responsible for the infection using microbiology and histopathology as a benchmark. Although radiological characteristics are non-specific and can overlap with each type of fungi, our study shows that certain MR features can help radiologists point towards the causative type. More specifically, dot-like foci of susceptibility point towards abscesses caused by dematiaceous molds possibly owing to melanin pigment and metal chelation properties.

该研究旨在评估中枢神经系统 (CNS) 真菌感染的磁共振 (MR) 特征，并确定这些发现与真菌类型之间的关联。我们的主要目标是评估成像是否可以作为使用微生物学和组织病理学作为基准来识别负责感染的特定真菌组的预测因子。尽管放射学特征是非特异性的，并且可以与每种类型的真菌重叠，但我们的研究表明，某些MR特征可以帮助放射科医生指出致病类型。更具体地说，点状的易感性病灶指向由暗色霉菌引起的脓肿，这可能是由于黑色素和金属螯合特性所致。

REF: Khandwala K, Farooqi J, Ali R, Bakhshi SK, Anwar SSM. MRI differentiation of CNS fungal infections: correlating imaging features with microbiological and histopathological findings. Neuroradiology. Published online November 25, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03510-z PMID: 39585369

Tumour mimics in paediatric neuroimaging

儿科神经影像学中的肿瘤模拟物

Distinguishing tumours from other conditions is a primary challenge in paediatric neuro-radiology. This paper aims to describe mimics, which are non-neoplastic conditions that have features similar to a neoplastic process caused by a non-neoplastic entity, and chameleons, which are uncommon presentations of brain tumours that are mistaken for other diagnoses. By doing so, we aim to raise awareness of these conditions and prevent inappropriate investigations or treatment in children. When suspecting a brain tumour, a detailed history, physical examination, and appropriate laboratory investigations can provide important clues about the nature of the lesion and narrow the list of possible differential diagnoses. Presented here is a collection of cases that have puzzled us for various reasons, including the absence of symptoms, coincidental timing, or misleading radiological features. Included in this pictorial essay are cases in which only a biopsy has helped us to make the correct diagnosis, as well as cases in which an unsuccessful biopsy has allowed us to evaluate hypotheses that were previously unaddressed. The paper also highlights the limited knowledge we have about the intercausality between malformations and later onset tumours, and the spectrum of manifestations that metabolic and genetic disorders can have.

将肿瘤与其他疾病区分开来是儿科神经放射学的主要挑战。本文旨在描述模拟物，这是一种非肿瘤性疾病，具有类似于由非肿瘤实体引起的肿瘤过程的特征，以及变色龙，这是脑肿瘤的罕见表现，被误认为是其他诊断。通过这样做，我们旨在提高对这些疾病的认识，并防止对儿童进行不适当的调查或治疗。当怀疑脑瘤时，详细的病史，体格检查和适当的实验室检查可以提供有关病变性质的重要线索，并缩小可能的鉴别诊断范围。这里介绍的是一系列由于各种原因而使我们困惑的病例，包括没有症状，巧合的时间或误导性的放射学特征。在这篇图画文章中，包括只有活检帮助我们做出正确诊断的案例，以及活检不成功使我们能够评估以前未解决的假设的案例。本文还强调了我们对畸形与后来发作的肿瘤之间的因果关系以及代谢和遗传疾病可能具有的表现范围的有限知识。

REF: Coppola F, Löbel U, Morana G, Reddy N, Mankad K. Tumour mimics in paediatric neuroimaging. Neuroradiology. Published online November 22, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03507-8 PMID: 39576299

T2/FLAIR mismatch and diffusion restriction as novel pathophysiological markers in MRI evaluation of central tegmental tract hyperintensity in pediatric patients

T2/FLAIR不匹配和扩散限制作为MRI评估小儿中枢性被盖区高强度的新型病理生理标志物

Central tegmental tract hyperintensity (CTTH) on T2-weighted imaging is an uncommon neuroimaging finding in pediatric patients with unclear clinical significance. CTTH may represent either a physiological or pathological process. This study evaluates the relationship between CTTH and MRI sequences (FLAIR, DWI) to explore its diagnostic value. CTTH in pediatric patients may arise from two distinct processes: a transient, developmental phenomenon or a pathological process marked by irreversible myelin degeneration. T2/FLAIR mismatch and diffusion restriction provide valuable diagnostic markers, offering insights into the severity and chronicity of CTTH. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and their clinical implications.

T2-weighted成像的中央被盖道高强度 (CTTH) 在临床意义不明确的儿科患者中是一种罕见的神经影像学发现。CTTH可以代表生理或病理过程。本研究评估CTTH与MRI序列 (FLAIR，DWI) 之间的关系，以探讨其诊断价值。小儿患者的CTTH可能由两个不同的过程引起: 短暂的发育现象或以不可逆的髓鞘变性为特征的病理过程。T2/FLAIR错配和扩散限制提供了有价值的诊断标志物，提供了对CTTH的严重性和慢性的见解。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现及其临床意义。

REF: Buyukceran EU, Sahap SK, Genc S, Fitoz S. T2/FLAIR mismatch and diffusion restriction as novel pathophysiological markers in MRI evaluation of central tegmental tract hyperintensity in pediatric patients. Neuroradiology. Published online November 21, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03509-6 PMID: 39570401

The eagle-wing finding in FP-CIT SPECT, as a characteristic finding in patients with DESH- type iNPH

Fp-cit SPECT中的鹰翼发现是DESH型iNPH患者的特征性发现

Although dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging has been reported to be useful for differentiating idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) from its mimics, the radiological findings of DAT imaging in iNPH have not been established. We investigated [123I] N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images from patients with disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH)-type iNPH to understand the characteristics of DAT images of iNPH. Although dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging has been reported to be useful for differentiating idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (iNPH) from its mimics, the radiological findings of DAT imaging in iNPH have not been established. We investigated [123I] N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carboxymethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl) nortropane (FP-CIT) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images from patients with disproportionately enlarged subarachnoid-space hydrocephalus (DESH)-type iNPH to understand the characteristics of DAT images of iNPH.

尽管据报道多巴胺转运蛋白 (DAT) 成像可用于将特发性正常压力脑积水 (iNPH) 与其模拟物区分开，但尚未确定iNPH中DAT成像的放射学发现。我们调查了 [123I] n-ω-氟丙基-2β-羧基甲氧基-3 β-(4-碘苯基) 降托烷 (fp-cit) 单光子发射计算机断层扫描 (SPECT) 图像，这些图像来自不成比例的蛛网膜下腔脑积水 (DESH) 型iNPH患者，以了解iNPH的DAT图像的特征。尽管据报道多巴胺转运蛋白 (DAT) 成像可用于将特发性正常压力脑积水 (iNPH) 与其模拟物区分开，但尚未确定iNPH中DAT成像的放射学发现。我们调查了 [123I] n-ω-氟丙基-2β-羧基甲氧基-3 β-(4-碘苯基) 降托烷 (fp-cit) 单光子发射计算机断层扫描 (SPECT) 图像，这些图像来自不成比例的蛛网膜下腔脑积水 (DESH) 型iNPH患者，以了解iNPH的DAT图像的特征。

REF: Miyazaki K, Yamada T, Kaida H, Hanaoka K, Ishii K. The eagle-wing finding in FP-CIT SPECT, as a characteristic finding in patients with DESH- type iNPH. Neuroradiology. Published online November 20, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03506-9 PMID: 39565381

Fetal torcular pseudomass and development of the dural venous sinuses: insights from 2D TOF MR angiography

胎儿环形假肌和硬脑膜静脉窦的发展: 来自2D TOF MR血管造影的见解

The described evolution in prenatal and postnatal periods appears to support the hypothesis that the torcular pseudomass (TP) is probably a physiological, highly frequent and transient developmental finding. Neverthless, it remains to be determined whether TP has any relation with the final anatomy of the adjacent venous sinuses or any anatomic variants. We aimed to explore the relation of the TP with the adjacent dural venous anatomy/anatomic variants in the prenatal period, using MR angiography (2D TOF MRA). We have provided an assessment of the relationship of the TP with the surrounding venous anatomy, particularly regarding its correlation with anatomic variants.

所描述的产前和产后时期的演变似乎支持以下假设: 圆状假单胞菌 (TP) 可能是一种生理，高频率和短暂的发育发现。毫无疑问，仍有待确定TP是否与相邻静脉窦的最终解剖结构或任何解剖结构变体有任何关系。我们旨在使用MR血管造影 (2D TOF MRA) 探讨产前TP与相邻硬脑膜静脉解剖/解剖变异的关系。我们评估了TP与周围静脉解剖结构的关系，尤其是与解剖变异的相关性。

REF: Sampaio L, Morana G, Gonçalves H, Rossi A, Ramalho C. Fetal torcular pseudomass and development of the dural venous sinuses: insights from 2D TOF MR angiography. Neuroradiology. Published online November 18, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03501-0 PMID: 39556183

Interhypothalamic adhesions: prevalence, structure, and location-based classification map in pediatric patients undergoing MRI

下丘脑间粘连: 接受MRI的儿科患者的患病率，结构和基于位置的分类图

Interhypothalamic adhesions (IHAs) have been reported only in the pediatric population, with unknown prevalence and histological composition. We aim to demonstrate their prevalence, assess their persistence through longitudinal imaging, classify IHAs by anatomical distribution, explore their structure, and report associated pathologies. IHAs have a prevalence of 2.13% in our cohort, and the majority persist in longitudinal studies. They showed gray matter signal intensity and Type 3 IHAs exclusively accompanied pituitary abnormalities.

下丘脑间粘连 (iha) 仅在儿科人群中有报道，其患病率和组织学组成未知。我们旨在证明其患病率，通过纵向成像评估其持久性，通过解剖分布对iha进行分类，探索其结构并报告相关病理。Iha在我们的队列中普遍存在2.13%，并且大多数持续存在于纵向研究中。他们显示灰质信号强度和3型iha仅伴有垂体异常。

REF: Oien MP, Tuncer O, Nascene D. Interhypothalamic adhesions: prevalence, structure, and location-based classification map in pediatric patients undergoing MRI. Neuroradiology. Published online November 15, 2024. doi:10.1007/s00234-024-03505-w PMID: 39542912