2024年04月19日发布 | 112阅读
神经介入-畸形

Staged TAE of a Right Parietal Lobe AVM-Part1

张晓龙教授团队

复旦大学附属华山医院

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Review

History

• 46 y/o male.
• Suffered from paroxysmal transient consciousness loss and limb twitch twice within 2 days.

• Past medical history: DM for one year; smoking and drinking for 25 years, quitted for one month. 

• PE: (-)

• 46岁,男性。

2天内发作性意识不清伴肢体抽搐2次。

• 既往史:糖尿病1年;吸烟、饮酒25年,已戒1月。

• 查体:-。

Figure 1. Enhanced-MRI revealed a cerebral AVM on the right parietal lobe with ectatic vessels.

图 1. 增强磁共振提示右侧顶叶脑动静脉畸形伴周围血管扩张。


Figure 2. No edema and micro-bleedings were observed.

图 2. 磁共振未见脑水肿及微出血灶。


Figure 3 GIF. Right ACA and and right MCA branches fed the nidus and drained to superior sagittal sinus.

图 3 GIF. 造影示右侧大脑前动脉及大脑中动脉供血右侧顶叶畸形团,向上矢状窦引流。


Figure 4 GIF. Right VA angiograms revealed right PCA branches also fed the nidus.

图 4 GIF. 右侧椎动脉造影示右侧大脑后动脉分支也参与畸形团供血。


Figure 5. Left ICA and left VA as well as bilateral ECAs did not fed the nidus. The diameter of right ACA and right PCA were larger from left ICA and VA angiograms.

图 5. 左侧颈内动脉及椎动脉、双侧颈外动脉无供血。右侧大脑前动脉及大脑后动脉直径增粗。


1

Strategy

•Right Juvenile parietal lobe AVM:

1.Feeding arteries: right MCA, right ACA, and right PCA branches.

2.Drainage into SSS.

3.Spetzler scale 3: maximal diameter 3-6cm, 2; function area, right parietal lobe, 1; no deep vein drainage, 0.

•Diluted Glubran is preferred for the juvenile high-flow AVM for staged embolization to decrease the flow and bleeding risk.

•Intraoperative and postoperative systolic blood pressure should be strictly controlled to lower hemorrhage.
•右侧顶叶幼稚型脑动静脉畸形:

1.供血动脉:右侧大脑中动脉、大脑前动脉及右侧大脑后动脉分支。

2.引流静脉:经上矢状窦引流。

3.Spetzler scale 3:最大直径3-6cm,评分2;功能区,右侧顶叶,评分1;无深静脉引流,评分0。

•高流量幼稚型脑动静脉畸形计划分期靶向栓塞,一期栓塞计划采用稀释的Glubran减流,从而缓解临床症状和降低出血风险。

•术中及术后严格控制收缩压,降低出血风险。


2

1st Stage Operation

Figure 6. General anesthesia was performed. 6F Navein guiding catheter was placed into right ICA cavernous segment. Nimodipine 1ml was administered. Intraoperative systolic blood pressure was sustained between 90-100mmHg. Marathon microcatheter navigated into a right MCA branch via the support of a Mirage .008 microwire. 20% Glubran was injected.

图 6. 行全身麻醉。将6F Navein导引导管置入右侧颈内动脉海绵窦段,动脉灌注尼莫地平1ml。术中收缩压维持在90-100mmHg。在Mirage .008微导丝支撑下将Marathon微导管经右侧大脑中动脉超选入畸形团供血动脉内,手推造影证明微导管到位。经微导管注入20% Glubran。


Figure 7 GIF. Another Marathon was advanced into the nidus through another right MCA branch. Injected 20% Glubran into the nidus.

图 7 GIF. 将另一根Marathon微导管经另一支大脑中动脉分支供血动脉超选至畸形团内。注入20% Glubran。


Figure 8 GIF. Angiograms showed the nidus was a bit of embolization while the intra-aneurysms still existed. Withdrew the microcatheter slightly, then injected 15% Glubran. Glubran casted well into the nidus.

图 8 GIF. 复查造影示畸形团少许栓塞,畸形团内仍可见瘤样扩张。将微导管头端少许撤回,然后注入15% Glubran,液体胶在畸形团内铸型良好。


Figure 9. Continued injecting 15% Glubran. When the glue refluxed into the feeding artery, stopped injected. Then withdrew the microcatheter.

图 9. 继续注入15% Glubran。当液体胶向供血动脉返流时停止打胶,撤回微导管。


Figure 10 GIF. The blood flow of the nidus decreased significantly.

图 10 GIF. 复查造影畸形团血流明显减低。


Figure 11. Marathon microcatheter was navigated into right ACA branch. Then injected 15% Glubran, casting well in the nidus.

图 11. 将Marathon微导管超选至右侧大脑前动脉分支,证实微导管在位。注入15% Glubran,在畸形团内铸型良好。


Figure 12 GIF. The nidus was partially embolized and flow decreased comparing with pre-operation.

图 12 GIF. 术后复查造影,畸形团部分栓塞,流量明显降低。


Figure 13 GIF. Dyna-CT did not demonstrate any hemorrhage.

图 13 GIF. 术后即刻Dyna-CT未见出血。


3

Post-Operation

•NE: GCS 15, bilateral pupils movement and light reflux normal, bilateral muscle strength V, bilateral Babinski negative.
•Medication: Analgesic and sedative therapy, systolic blood pressure between 80-100mmHg. Sodium valproate was prescribed.
•神经查体:GCS15,双侧眼球运动正常,瞳孔对光反射灵敏,四肢肌力V,双侧病理征阴性。
•药物:镇静镇痛治疗,收缩压严格控制在80-100mmHg。丙戊酸钠预防癫痫。

Figure 14 GIF. Post-operative day 1 cranial CT did not demonstrate any hemorrhage. Continue monitoring systolic BP between 90-110mmHg.

图 14 GIF. 术后第一天复查头颅CT平扫未见出血。继续严格控制收缩压,收缩压范围控制在90-110mmhg。


Figure 15 GIF. Post-operative day 4 MRI revealed edema around the nidus. The patient did not suffer from any neurological defects.

图 15 GIF. 术后第4天复查头颅MRI示畸形团周围少许水肿。患者无明显神经功能缺损症状。


4

Summary

•Right Juvenile parietal lobe AVM:

1.Feeding arteries: right MCA, right ACA, and right PCA branches.

2.Drainage into SSS.

3.Spetzler scale 3: maximal diameter 3-6cm, 2; function area, right parietal lobe, 1; no deep vein drainage, 0.

•Diluted Glubran is preferred for the juvenile high-flow AVM for staged embolization to decrease the flow and bleeding risk.

•Intraoperative and postoperative systolic blood pressure (90-100mmHg) should be strictly controlled to lower hemorrhage.
•The flow volume decreased dramatically after the first stage embolization, and the angioarchitecture became more explicit.
•Three-month DSA follow-up and second stage embolization were scheduled.
•右侧顶叶幼稚型脑动静脉畸形:

1.供血动脉:右侧大脑中动脉、大脑前动脉及右侧大脑后动脉分支。

2.引流静脉:经上矢状窦引流。

3.Spetzler scale 3:最大直径3-6cm,评分2;功能区,右侧顶叶,评分1;无深静脉引流,评分0。

•高流量幼稚型脑动静脉畸形计划分期靶向栓塞,一期栓塞计划采用稀释的Glubran减流,缓解临床症状和降低出血风险。

•术中及术后严格控制收缩压(90-100mmHg) ,降低出血风险。

•一期栓塞后血流量显著减少,血管构筑变得更加明晰。

•计划三个月后随访及二期栓塞治疗。

微信图片_20220929162042.jpg

张晓龙

复旦大学附属华山医院

复旦大学附属华山医院放射科主任医师,博士、教授、博士生导师;

斯坦福大学医学院客座临床教授;

主持国家自然科学基金3项,第一作者或通讯作者发表国内外权威期刊文章50余篇;

中华医学会、放射学会、卫生部医政司等组织中担任副主任委员、组长等职务.《中国名医百强榜》神经介入专业中国十强(2012年度、2013年度、2014年度、2015-16年度、2017-18年度);

擅长复杂和疑难脑血管疾病的介入治疗,如复杂脑动脉瘤的栓塞,硬脑膜动静脉瘘栓塞,脑动静脉畸形栓塞,脑梗死的支架,脊髓血管畸形治疗;

自1995年开始从事脑血管疾病介入诊治工作和研究,师从黄祥龙教授、沈天真教授和凌锋教授,是我国最早从事神经介入的专家之一。2010年9月至今连续介入治疗颅内动脉瘤1500余例,无操作致死。

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