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前言
病例介绍
患者,女,41岁,因“2月内发作性意识丧失2次”于2019年10月19日入院。
患者2月内无明显诱因下突发意识丧失2次,伴口吐白沫,无四肢抽搐,持续10分钟左右,醒来后意识模糊,对发作无记忆。无恶心呕吐,无头晕头痛,第二次发作后送至当地医院,查头颅MRI提示左颞叶结节状占位伴周围水肿,考虑颅内肿瘤(图1)。患者为求进一步治疗,遂至浙医二院就诊。拟“颅内肿瘤”收住入院。
患者入院以来精神可,饮食睡眠可,二便无殊。
体格检查:左侧眼眶可见灰黑色“胎记”,余未见明显异常。
图1. 外院头颅MRI影像。显示左颞叶结节占位伴周围严重水肿,考虑胶质瘤。
术前讨论
患者头颅增强MRI检查,提示左侧颞叶占位,科室讨论后,认为转移瘤可能性大,胶质瘤不能排除。患者术前有癫痫发作,考虑癫痫与颞叶肿瘤病变相关。手术指征明确,拟行肿瘤切除术。手术目的:解除占位效应,明确病理,控制癫痫发作。
手术经过
术中打开骨瓣后可见局部脑膜呈黑色(图2),肿瘤附着于脑膜上,质地硬,灰黑色,血供较少,和脑组织分界清楚,肿瘤镜下全切肿瘤和肿瘤附着的脑膜,并扩大切除周围约1cm范围的脑膜瘤,但呈黑色的脑膜范围较广泛,未将所有颜色变化的脑膜切除。肉眼下,颅骨未受累,将肿瘤对应的颅骨内板部分磨除。术中冰冻:左颞肿瘤:短梭形细胞肿瘤伴多量色素,黑色素细胞瘤可能,待常规及免疫组化。
病理结果
术后病理回报:脑膜黑色素细胞瘤(详见图4)。
图4. 术后病理:左颞肿瘤:图A中可见脑膜内黑色素沉积,图B、C中可见致密的梭形细胞增生。符合脑膜黑色素细胞瘤。免疫组化结果:melan-A +,HMB45 +,S-100 -,EMA -,CK(AE1/AE3) -,Ki-67.3%,CyclinD1 -,P53 -,SOX10 弥漫+,GFAP -。
脑肿瘤多学科讨论及后续治疗
讨论
参考文献
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(本文由浙二神外周刊原创,浙江大学医学院附属第二医院神经外科研究生吴家伟整理,孙崇然副主任医师审校,张建民主任终审)