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现病史:患者,女,91岁,因“反复胸闷、气促1周,加重1天”入院。患者于1周前反复出现胸闷、气促,伴发热,体温最高37.6℃,无胸痛、放射痛,可平卧,无夜间阵发性呼吸困难,有刺激性干咳,无咳白色或粉红色泡沫样痰,可闻及痰鸣音,无头晕、头痛,无恶心呕吐,无明显尿量减少,无气急,无肢体抽搐,无口齿含糊,软食呛咳,无意识丧失。双下肢轻度浮肿,压之凹陷,自行口服甘草片治疗,未行进一步治疗。患者1天前胸闷、气促加重,无发热,无胸痛等不适,现为进一步治疗,急诊拟“心功能不全”收入病房进一步诊治。
患者自本次发病以来,精神较萎,胃纳可,睡眠可,大便如常,小便如常,体力轻度下降,体重未见明显下降。
既往史:一般健康状况良好。否认肝炎。否认结核史。否认疟疾史。有脑血管病史,患者有老年痴呆病史4年,予喹硫平治疗。否认精神病史。有高血压史,发现血压升高10年,血压最高180/80mmHg,平素口服氨氯地平及缬沙坦治疗。有心脏病史,有冠心病史10年,予麝香通心滴丸营养心肌。有糖尿病史,有糖尿病史5年余,予格列吡嗪及阿卡波糖控制血糖,血糖控制可。 有手术史,去年7月在我院行人工股骨颈置换术,今年9月在我院行左侧硬脑膜下钻孔引流术。否认外伤史。否认输血史。否认食物、药物过敏史,预防接种史不详。有肝脏肿块病史七年余,未予手术。,无青霉素过敏等药物过敏史。
辅助检查:
202209.19CT: 左侧额顶颞部硬膜下血肿,邻近脑实质及侧脑室受压,中线结构稍右偏;脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
2022.09.23头颅CT: 左侧额顶颞部硬膜下血肿,邻近脑实质及侧脑室受压,中线结构稍右偏,较前片2022.9.19略进展;脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
2022.09.24头颅CT: 左侧额顶颞部硬膜下血肿术后改变,请结合临床短期随诊;脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
部分副鼻窦炎。
2022.10.08头颅CT: 左侧额颞部硬膜下血肿术后改变,术区少许急性出血,请结合临床短期随诊。
右侧额部硬膜下少许积液,脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
2022.10.20CT: 比较2022-9-24片,左侧额颞部硬膜下积液,新增硬膜下出血,请结合临床短期随诊。
右侧额部硬膜下少许积液,脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,较前相仿,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
2022.10.21:左侧额颞部硬膜下积液,伴硬膜下出血(较2022-10-20片吸收不明显),请结合临床短期随诊。右侧额部硬膜下少许积液,脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,较前相仿,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
2022.10.24术后即刻CT: 左侧额颞部硬膜下积血、积液,积血较2022.10.21前片增多,蛛血可能,请结合临床短期随诊。右侧额部硬膜下少许积液,脑干、双侧基底节区、侧脑室旁及半卵圆中心多发腔隙性脑梗塞;老年性脑改变,较前相仿,请结合临床,随访,必要时进一步MRI检查。
初步诊断:
1.肺炎
2.冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病
3.硬膜下血肿(术后)
4.高血压病3级(极高危)
5.阿尔茨海默病
6.脑梗死
7.2型糖尿病
2022-09-19CT:左侧额顶颞部硬膜下出血
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2022.09.23头颅CT: 左侧额顶颞部硬膜下血肿,邻近脑实质及侧脑室受压,中线结构稍右偏,较前片2022.9.19略进展;
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2022.09.24头颅CT: 左侧额顶颞部硬膜下血肿术后改变,请结合临床短期随诊。
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2022.10.08头颅CT: 左侧额颞部硬膜下血肿术后改变,术区少许急性出血,请结合临床短期随诊。
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2022.10.20CT: 比较2022-9-24片,左侧额颞部硬膜下积液,新增硬膜下出血,请结合临床短期随诊。
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2022.10.21:左侧额颞部硬膜下积液,伴硬膜下出血(较2022-10-20片吸收不明显),请结合临床短期随诊。右侧额部硬膜下少许积液
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患者,女,91岁,左侧硬膜下积液引流术后复发
2022-10-24静脉镇静下行全脑血管造影拟行双侧脑膜中动脉栓塞
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手术顺利,苏醒佳,遵嘱动作,对答切题
2022.10.24术后即刻CT: 左侧额颞部硬膜下积血、积液,积血较2022.10.21前片增多,蛛血可能,请结合临床短期随诊。右侧额部硬膜下少许积液
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